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Donald J. Pinkava's legacy - the ASU Herbarium in the Sonoran Desert

Majure, Lucas [1], Baker, Marc A. [2], Puente-Martínez, Raul [3], Fehlberg, Shannon [4], Köhler, Matias [5].

Phylogenomics of the Opuntioideae (Cactaceae): their biogeographic history and correlations with morphological evolution.

The New World Cactaceae are one of the most intriguing and morphologically diverse, succulent plant clades on the planet. The widespread subclade Opuntioideae, which consists of around 370 species, naturally occurs throughout most every ecological niche in the Americas, from low elevation tropical dry forest, high elevation Andean grasslands, American desert lands, as well as temperate zones in North and South America. Opuntioideae are interesting morphologically, as they are considered to exhibit a number of retained ancestral characters, such as large, photosynthetic leaves. The relationships among the three major subclades in Opuntioideae have not been well-resolved in most phylogenetic analyses, and thus, hypotheses regarding the biogeographic history and morphological evolution in this group have not been rigorously tested. We constructed a plastome dataset mostly from genome skimming data of 112 taxa within Opuntioideae, 47 members of Cactoideae, as well as Maihuenia, Pereskiaand Leuenbergeria, and a broad sampling of outgroups in the Caryophyllales. Our strongly supported topology resolves tribe Opuntieae (prickly pears and relatives) as sister to a Tephrocacteae + Cylindropuntieae clade. Although Opuntioideae most likely evolved in desert regions of the Americas, tribe Opuntieae most likely evolved tropical dry forest, and adaptation to those areas included associated morphological shifts. Large, photosynthetically functional leaves in the clade appear to have evolved numerous times and do not represent plesiomorphic characters, as is commonly suggested. Although the grow form of Opuntioideae is commonly suggested to be incomparable to that of the more derived Cactoideae, we will show that both clades share the highly homoplasious, woody grow forms of trees and shrubs. As demonstrated here, plastome datasets show great promise for resolving recalcitrant nodes in Cactaceae.


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1 - Florida Museum Of Natural History, 1659 Museum Rd. , Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
2 - Arizona State University, School of Life Sciences, PO Box 874501,, Tempe, Arizona, 85287-4501, USA
3 - Desert Botanical Garden, Research, Conservation and Collections, 1201 N. Galvin Parkway, Phoenix, AZ, 85008, USA
4 - Desert Botanical Garden, Research, Conservations, and Collections, 1201 North Galvin Parkway, Phoenix, AZ, 85008, United States
5 - Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Departamento De Botânica, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501970, Brazil

Keywords:
Austrocylindropuntia
biogeography
Cylindropuntia
CAM photosynthesis
Opuntia
phylogenomics.

Presentation Type: Colloquium Presentations
Session: CO10, Donald J. Pinkava’s legacy - the ASU Herbarium in the Sonoran Desert
Location: San Pedro 2/Starr Pass
Date: Wednesday, July 31st, 2019
Time: 9:30 AM
Number: CO10006
Abstract ID:606
Candidate for Awards:None


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