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Abstract Detail



Recent Topics Posters

Hirsch, Ann [1], Lieberman, Samantha [2], Humm, Ethan [1], Wong, Cynthia [1], Maymon, Maskit [1], Estrada-de los Santos, Paulina [3].

Identification of plant growth promoting bacteria in soil from Northeastern Mexico, using the common bean Negro Chapingo (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Golden Bantam corn (Zeamays) as model plant.

Food insecurity and agricultural land degradation are two of the most pressing global challenges today. Rising temperatures threaten the future of food production as climate change alters naturally balanced ecosystems.  It is essential that a stable method of increasing crop output be implemented to combat human malnourishment and maintain soil health. As an alternative to harmful pesticides, fungicides, and nitrogen-enriched fertilizers, we propose the use of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) to fix nitrogen, secrete plant hormones, convert insoluble phosphate to utilizable forms, as well as secrete antibiotics for biocontrol. In arid climates such as Northeastern Mexico, bacterial inoculants must also respond to extensive periods of drought, salinization, and high temperatures. To establish a base-line of the San Antonio de la Higueras, Coahuila soil microbiome and to isolate bacteria that exhibit nitrogen-fixing abilities and plant growth-promoting behavior, we conducted trap experiments with cowpea, black beans and Golden Bantam corn in 2018 and 2019 using both cultivation-dependent and eDNA analyses. The data collected from two trap experiments in 2019 performed with corn and black beans suggested that the bacteria present in the Mexican soil did not significantly promote plant growth under nutrient-stressed conditions, but previous results in 2018 using black bean as a trap plant indicated that Fix+ nodules developed and the plants were green. The root nodules of the black beans in 2019 were Fix- and few nodule isolates were found compared to 2018. An eDNA analysis of the soil in different years revealed that the top three groups of microbes present in the 2018 soil were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes, whereas in 2019, they were Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Thaumarcheota. The changes in the microbiome may result from 2019 being a particularly rainy year in Southern California with very few sunny days as opposed to 2018.   Funded in part by a UC-Mexus Collaborative Grant CN-27-21 to PES and AMH.


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1 - UCLA, Dept. Of MCD Biology, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
2 - Marlborough School, Los Angeles, CA
3 - Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Depto. de Microbiologia, Mexico, DF, Mexico

Keywords:
arid enviroments
plant microbiome
Soil.

Presentation Type:
Session: P, Recent Topics Posters
Location: Arizona Ballroom/Starr Pass
Date: Monday, July 29th, 2019
Time: 5:30 PM
Number: PRT012
Abstract ID:1379
Candidate for Awards:None


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