Abstract Detail

Phylogenomics

Mandel, Jennifer [1], Dikow, Rebecca [2], Siniscalchi, Carolina [3], Thapa, Ramhari [4], Watson, Linda [5], Funk, Vicki [6].

A fully resolved backbone phylogeny reveals numerous dispersals and explosive diversifications throughout the history of Asteraceae.

The sunflower family, Asteraceae, comprises 10% of all flowering plant species on Earth and displays an incredible diversity of form. Asteraceae are clearly monophyletic yet resolving phylogenetic relationships within the family has proven difficult hindering our ability to understand its origin and diversification. Recent molecular clock dating has suggested a Cretaceous origin, but the lack of deep sampling of genes and taxa has impeded the resolution of migration routes and diversifications that led to its global distribution and tremendous diversity. Here we use genomic data from over 250 terminals to estimate evolutionary relationships, timing of diversification(s), and biogeographic patterns. Our study places the origin of Asteraceae in the late Cretaceous and reveals that the family underwent a series of explosive radiations during the Eocene which were accompanied by up-shifts in diversification rates. Phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses support a South American origin of the family with subsequent dispersals into North America and then to Asia and Africa, later followed by multiple worldwide dispersals in many directions. Our robust phylogeny provides a framework for future studies aimed at understanding the role of the macroevolutionary patterns and processes that generated the enormous species diversity of Asteraceae.

1 - University Of Memphis, Biological Sciences, 3744 Walker Ave, 339 Ellington Hall, Memphis, TN, 38152, United States
2 - Smithsonian Institute
3 - University of Memphis, Biological Sciences Department, Ellington Hall, 3700 Walker Ave, Memphis, TN, 38152, United States
4 - University Of Memphis, 170 Windover Rd Apt # 3, 170 Windover Rd Apt # 3, Memphis, TN, 38111, United States
5 - Oklahoma State University, Plant Biology, Ecology, and Evolution, 301 Physical Sciences, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
6 - DEPT OF BOTANY-NHB 166, P.O. Box 37012, Washington, DC, 20013, United States

Keywords:
Compositae
systematics
Sunflower.

Presentation Type: Oral Paper
Session: PHYL2, Phylogenomics II
Location: Tucson F/Starr Pass
Date: Wednesday, July 31st, 2019
Time: 2:15 PM
Number: PHYL2004
Abstract ID:850
Candidate for Awards:None